Which of the following is a common indicator of stalking in IPV cases?

• A. Repeated unwanted surveillance
• B. Normal relationship communication
• C. Paying bills on time
• D. Going to therapy together

Answer: (A)

Repeated unwanted surveillance signals stalking in intimate partner violence. Stalking centers on a persistent pattern of monitoring and intrusion that makes a person feel unsafe or controlled. When someone repeatedly watches, follows, or otherwise keeps tabs on another person—often beyond what is normal or agreed upon—it demonstrates a power and control dynamic typical of stalking. This can happen in person, through electronic means, or by repeatedly showing up uninvited, checking up, or tracking someone’s movements or communications. The emphasis is on the ongoing, unwanted nature of the behavior and the fear or distress it causes.

Normal relationship communication is healthy and voluntary and doesn’t involve invasive monitoring. Paying bills on time is neutral and unrelated to coercive behavior. Going to therapy together can be a constructive step in a relationship and doesn’t by itself indicate stalking.